LIST OF MICROORGANISMS

      A list of microorganisms discussed in the book is below.  Next to each organism is a brief explanation of the significance of the microbe.  Some of the microbes warrant detailed discussion, where others are briefly mentioned.  All are referenced to specific models found on the 6 x 10 inch plates, so that blind and sighted students alike may easily locate them. 

     There are many key organisms discussed, amounting to one or more for each model.  The terminology includes scientific names, however, the text is written in an easily understandable manner.  Whereas there may be alien appearing terms, most teachers and students will be amazed by the number of specific microorganisms and diseases they recognize.  A teacher may selectively teach from what microbe groups are appropriate for his or her lesson plan.

Following the list of microorganisms is the book's table of contents.

(Review book excerpts under the Sample Text tab.)

Microorganism, etc. Attribute addressed   PLATE 1 Relative sizes and petri dish   Life sized water flea models, bacterium, and viruses Relative sizes   Model Petri dish with colonies Streaking for isolated colonies   PLATE 2 Viruses   Papillomavirus Genital infections and cervical cancer Adenovirus Respiratory and gastrointestinal disease Reovirus Respiratory and gastrointestinal disease Calicivirus Gastrointestinal disease Enterovirus Gastrointestinal disease, poliomyelitis Rhinovirus Common cold Hepatitis B virus Liver infection Herpes I & II viruses Cold sores, genital sores Varicella Zoster virus Chickenpox, shingles Smallpox virus Smallpox   PLATE 3 Viruses   Influenza virus Influenza Mumps virus Mumps Rubeola virus Red measles Human immunodeficiency virus Acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) Corona virus Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Western equine encephalitic virus, Eastern equine encephalitic virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitic virus Encephalitis Rubella virus German measles Viruses for: Yellow fever, West Nile Disease, Hepatitis C, Saint Louis encephalitic disease Rabies virus Rabies Ebola virus Ebola   PLATE 4 Bacteria, chemoorganotrophic gram positive   Staphylococcus epidermidis Normal skin flora, mild infections (cocci in clusters morphology) Staphylococcus aureus Wound infections, toxic shock, food poisoning Peptococcus & Peptostreptococcus Anaerobic streptococci examples Streptococcus viridans Normal oral flora (cocci in chains morphology) Streptococcus pyogenes Strep throat, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, ‘flesh eating’ bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia, ear and eye infections, meningitis Lactobacillus Normal vaginal flora, dairy product bacterium (small straight rod morphology) Listeria Food borne disease from dairy products Bacillus species & Bacillus anthracis Soil organisms, anthrax (large endospore forming rod morphology) Clostridium perfringens Gas gangrene Clostridium tetani Tetanus (lock jaw) Clostridium botulinum Botulism Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculosis (irregular branching rod morphology) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Opportunist disease in Immunocompromised hosts Mycobacterium leprae Leprosy Streptomyces Soil organism that creates earthy smell (irregular branching rod with aerial hyphae morphology) Corynebacterium diphtheria Diphtheria (club shaped rod morphology) Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia (cell wall lacking morphology)   PLATE 5 Bacteria, chemoorganotrophic gram negative   Neisseria meningitidis Meningitis (diplococcal morphology) Neisseria gonorrhea Gonorrhea Bacteria with flagella Motility of bacteria (rod morphology) Escherichia coli Normal intestinal flora, opportunistic infections, some toxigenic strains Salmonella species Intestinal disease Salmonella typhi Typhoid fever Shigella Dysentery Yersinia entercolitica Intestinal disease Yersinia pestis Bubonic plague (black death) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Water organism, opportunistic pathogen, cystic fibrosis pathogen Helicobacter pylori Stomach ulcers (curved rod morphology) Campylobacter jejunum Intestinal disease Vibrio cholerae Cholera Legionella pneumophila Legionella (Legionnaires’ disease) Bacteroides species Anaerobic intestinal flora, abscesses (spindle form morphology) Fusobacterium species Anaerobic intestinal flora, abscesses (pointed cell morphology)   PLATE 6 Bacteria, chemoorganotrophic gram negative and chemolithotrophic   Bdellovibrio Unusual bacterium that parasitizes other bacteria Haemophilus influenza Respiratory, eye, and ear infections, meningitis Bordetella pertussis Pertussis (whooping cough) Pasteurella multocida Infections from cat bites Francisella tularensis Tularemia (rabbit fever) Treponema pallidum Syphilis (spirochete morphology) Leptospira Leptospirosis Borrelia Lyme disease Zoogloea Floc producer in wastewater treatment Rhizobium Symbiotic with leguminous plants Thiobacillus Sulfur metabolizing bacterium Nitrosomonas Ammonia metabolizing bacterium Gallionella Iron metabolizing bacterium   PLATE 7 Bacterial genetic exchange   Bacterial genetic exchange Three methods bacteria exchange genetic material   PLATE 8 Bacteria, phototrophic   Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis Cyanobacterial specialized cell morphology, water bacteria that can produce toxins   PLATE 9 Bacteria, phototrophic   Oscillatoria, Planktothrix, Pseudanabaena, Arthrospira, Spirulina, Microcystis Cyanobacterial specialized cell morphology, water bacteria that can produce toxins, one used for health food   PLATE 10  Archaea   Sulfolobus Acid loving extremophile Halococcus, Haloferax, Haloquadratum Salt loving extremophiles Archeoglobus Heat loving extremophile Methanogenium Cold loving extremophile Methanosarcina and Methanospirillum Methane producing extremophiles   PLATE 11 Protists, amoebae   Proteus Large free-living amoeba Entamoeba histolytica Amoeba pathogen Acanthamoeba and Naegleria Corneal and brain infections   PLATE 12 Protists, ciliates   Paramecium Classic ciliated pond protist, details of the cell are discussed Vorticella Ciliated pond protist showing diversity of morphology Lacrymaria Ciliated pond protist showing diversity of morphology   PLATE 13 Protists, flagellates and coccidia   Euglena Flagellated photosynthetic pond protist Giardia Flagellated intestinal pathogen Cryptosporidium Coccidian intestinal pathogen   PLATE 14 Protists, blood parasites   Trypanosome African sleeping sickness flagellated blood parasite Plasmodium Malaria blood parasite   PLATE 15 Protists, unicellular algae   Rhodomonas Flagellated common pond protist – unicellular algal morphology Cyclotella Radially symmetrical diatom – unicellular algal morphology Fragillaria Pennate diatom – unicellular diatom Peridinium Dinoflagellate   PLATE 16 Protists, colonial and filamentous algae   Asterionella Colonial algal morphology Gametocyte Reproductive algal cell Spirogyra Filamentous algal morphology   PLATE 17 Fungi, yeast and dimorphic fungi   Candida albicans Opportunistic yeast infections Saccharomyces Yeast used to make bread, beer, and wine Malassezia furfur Tinea versicolor skin disease Malassezia pachydermatous Dog and elephant ear infections Histoplasma Histoplasmosis lung, eye, and brain infections   PLATE 18 Fungi, molds   Trichophyton Skin infections Aspergillus Bread, fruit, and shower mold   PLATE 19 Metazoa   Rotifer Environmentally beneficial multicellular microbe Nematode Environmentally and industrially significant microbe

Home Ordering & Pricing Plates and Descriptions Sample Text List of Microorganisms Background information

Microorganism, etc.	Attribute addressed
PLATE 1 Relative sizes and petri dish
Life sized water flea models, bacterium, and viruses	Relative sizes
Model Petri dish with colonies	Streaking for isolated colonies
PLATE 2 Viruses
Papillomavirus	Genital infections and cervical cancer
Adenovirus	Respiratory and gastrointestinal disease
Reovirus	Respiratory and gastrointestinal disease
Calicivirus	Gastrointestinal disease
Enterovirus	Gastrointestinal disease, poliomyelitis
Rhinovirus	Common cold
Hepatitis B virus	Liver infection
Herpes I & II viruses	Cold sores, genital sores
Varicella Zoster virus	Chickenpox, shingles
Smallpox virus	Smallpox
PLATE 3 Viruses
Influenza virus	Influenza
Mumps virus	Mumps
Rubeola virus	Red measles
Human immunodeficiency virus	Acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS)
Corona virus	Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Western equine encephalitic virus, Eastern equine encephalitic virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitic virus	Encephalitis
Rubella virus	German measles
Viruses for:	Yellow fever, West Nile Disease, Hepatitis C, Saint Louis encephalitic disease
Rabies virus	Rabies
Ebola virus	Ebola
PLATE 4 Bacteria, chemoorganotrophic gram positive
Staphylococcus epidermidis	Normal skin flora, mild infections (cocci in clusters morphology)
Staphylococcus aureus	Wound infections, toxic shock, food poisoning
Peptococcus & Peptostreptococcus	Anaerobic streptococci examples
Streptococcus viridans	Normal oral flora (cocci in chains morphology)
Streptococcus pyogenes	Strep throat, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, ‘flesh eating’ bacterium
Streptococcus pneumoniae	Pneumonia, ear and eye infections, meningitis
Lactobacillus	Normal vaginal flora, dairy product bacterium (small straight rod morphology)
Listeria	Food borne disease from dairy products
Bacillus species & Bacillus anthracis	Soil organisms, anthrax (large endospore forming rod morphology)
Clostridium perfringens	Gas gangrene
Clostridium tetani	Tetanus (lock jaw)
Clostridium botulinum	Botulism
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Tuberculosis (irregular branching rod morphology)
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare	Opportunist disease in Immunocompromised hosts
Mycobacterium leprae	Leprosy
Streptomyces	Soil organism that creates earthy smell (irregular branching rod with aerial hyphae morphology)
Corynebacterium diphtheria	Diphtheria (club shaped rod morphology)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae	Pneumonia (cell wall lacking morphology)
PLATE 5 Bacteria, chemoorganotrophic gram negative
Neisseria meningitidis	Meningitis (diplococcal morphology)
Neisseria gonorrhea	Gonorrhea
Bacteria with flagella	Motility of bacteria (rod morphology)
Escherichia coli	Normal intestinal flora, opportunistic infections, some toxigenic strains
Salmonella species	Intestinal disease
Salmonella typhi	Typhoid fever
Shigella	Dysentery
Yersinia entercolitica	Intestinal disease
Yersinia pestis	Bubonic plague (black death)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Water organism, opportunistic pathogen, cystic fibrosis pathogen
Helicobacter pylori	Stomach ulcers (curved rod morphology)
Campylobacter jejunum	Intestinal disease
Vibrio cholerae	Cholera
Legionella pneumophila	Legionella (Legionnaires’ disease)
Bacteroides species	Anaerobic intestinal flora, abscesses (spindle form morphology)
Fusobacterium species	Anaerobic intestinal flora, abscesses (pointed cell morphology)
PLATE 6 Bacteria, chemoorganotrophic gram negative and chemolithotrophic
Bdellovibrio	Unusual bacterium that parasitizes other bacteria
Haemophilus influenza	Respiratory, eye, and ear infections, meningitis
Bordetella pertussis	Pertussis (whooping cough)
Pasteurella multocida	Infections from cat bites
Francisella tularensis	Tularemia (rabbit fever)
Treponema pallidum	Syphilis (spirochete morphology)
Leptospira	Leptospirosis
Borrelia	Lyme disease
Zoogloea	Floc producer in wastewater treatment
Rhizobium	Symbiotic with leguminous plants
Thiobacillus	Sulfur metabolizing bacterium
Nitrosomonas	Ammonia metabolizing bacterium
Gallionella	Iron metabolizing bacterium
PLATE 7 Bacterial genetic exchange
Bacterial genetic exchange	Three methods bacteria exchange genetic material
PLATE 8 Bacteria, phototrophic
Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis	Cyanobacterial specialized cell morphology, water bacteria that can produce toxins
PLATE 9 Bacteria, phototrophic
Oscillatoria, Planktothrix, Pseudanabaena, Arthrospira, Spirulina, Microcystis	Cyanobacterial specialized cell morphology, water bacteria that can produce toxins, one used for health food
PLATE 10  Archaea
Sulfolobus	Acid loving extremophile
Halococcus, Haloferax, Haloquadratum	Salt loving extremophiles
Archeoglobus	Heat loving extremophile
Methanogenium	Cold loving extremophile
Methanosarcina and Methanospirillum	Methane producing extremophiles
PLATE 11 Protists, amoebae
Proteus	Large free-living amoeba
Entamoeba histolytica	Amoeba pathogen
Acanthamoeba and Naegleria	Corneal and brain infections
PLATE 12 Protists, ciliates
Paramecium	Classic ciliated pond protist, details of the cell are discussed
Vorticella	Ciliated pond protist showing diversity of morphology
Lacrymaria	Ciliated pond protist showing diversity of morphology
PLATE 13 Protists, flagellates and coccidia
Euglena	Flagellated photosynthetic pond protist
Giardia	Flagellated intestinal pathogen
Cryptosporidium	Coccidian intestinal pathogen
PLATE 14 Protists, blood parasites
Trypanosome	African sleeping sickness flagellated blood parasite
Plasmodium	Malaria blood parasite
PLATE 15 Protists, unicellular algae
Rhodomonas	Flagellated common pond protist – unicellular algal morphology
Cyclotella	Radially symmetrical diatom – unicellular algal morphology
Fragillaria	Pennate diatom – unicellular diatom
Peridinium	Dinoflagellate
PLATE 16 Protists, colonial and filamentous algae
Asterionella	Colonial algal morphology
Gametocyte	Reproductive algal cell
Spirogyra	Filamentous algal morphology
PLATE 17 Fungi, yeast and dimorphic fungi
Candida albicans	Opportunistic yeast infections
Saccharomyces	Yeast used to make bread, beer, and wine
Malassezia furfur	Tinea versicolor skin disease
Malassezia pachydermatous	Dog and elephant ear infections
Histoplasma	Histoplasmosis lung, eye, and brain infections
PLATE 18 Fungi, molds
Trichophyton	Skin infections
Aspergillus	Bread, fruit, and shower mold
PLATE 19 Metazoa
Rotifer	Environmentally beneficial multicellular microbe
Nematode	Environmentally and industrially significant microbe